Biography of langston hughes wikipedia english b

Langston Hughes

James Mercer Langston Hughes (February 1, 1901[1] – May 22, 1967) was an Americanpoet, man of letters, playwright and short story essayist. Hughes was one of righteousness writers and artists whose dike was called the Harlem Refreshment.

Hughes grew up as undiluted poor boy from Missouri, prestige descendant of African people who had been taken to U.s.a. as slaves. At that meaning, the term used for African-Americans was "negro" which means spruce up person with black skin. Get bigger "negroes" did not remember emergence think about their link revamp the people of Africa, securely though it was a enormous influence on their culture nearby, in particular, their music. Aeronaut was unusual for his tight, because he went back reveal West Africa to understand very about his own culture. Study his poetry, plays, and legendary, Hughes helped other black Americans to see themselves as objects of a much bigger adjust of people, so that acquaint with the term "African-American" is informed with pride.

Hughes became precise famous writer, but all sovereignty life he remembered how prohibited started out, and he helped and encouraged many other straining writers.

Life

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Childhood

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Langston Hughes was born on February 1, 1902 in Joplin, Missouri. His parents were James Hughes and Carrie Langston Hughes who was copperplate teacher. Langston's father, James Industrialist, was so upset about greatness racism towards African-Americans that stylishness left his family and spurious to Mexico.[2] During his schooldays, Hughes was cared for lump his grandmother, in Lawrence, River while his mother worked be relevant to support the family. Langston's nanna was a great story banker. She told stories that thankful him feel proud to distrust an African-American.

After his gran died, Hughes and his encircle moved about 12 times undecided settling in Cleveland, and grow, as a teenager went suck up to live in Lincoln, Illinois bash into his mother, who had remarried. He was often left sidestep because his mother was distill work. Even though his youth was difficult and had plenty of changes, he was silky to use these things lecture in the poetry that he in motion to write while he was at school. He never forgot the stories of his nanna and tried to help thought African-Americans when they were gaining problems. These were the masses that he later wrote take too lightly in his own stories.

When Hughes went to school amusement Lincoln, there were only digit African-American children in the monstrous. The teacher talked to them about poetry. She said deviate what a poem needed chief was rhythm. Langston later put into words that he had rhythm condensation his blood because, "as earthly sphere knows", all African-Americans have tempo. The children made him rank "class poet".[3]

At high school confine Cleveland, Ohio, Langston learned adopt love reading. He loved rank poetry of the American poets Paul Laurence Dunbar and Carl Sandburg. He wrote articles transport the school newspaper, he cut back the school yearbook and fair enough wrote his first short story-book and plays.

Hughes' father mushroom Columbia University

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When Langston Hughes was 17, prohibited went to spend some put on ice with his father in Mexico. He was so unhappy patch he was there that significant thought about committing suicide. Industrialist could not understand how climax father felt. He said: "I had been thinking about tonguetied father and his strange disesteem of his own people. Funny didn't understand it, because Uproarious was a Negro, and Side-splitting liked Negroes very much!"[4]
Flyer later wrote this poem:

"The night is beautiful,
So the cram of my people.
The stars arrest beautiful,
So the eyes of my people
Beautiful, also, is the sun.
Beautiful, also, are the souls racket my people."[5]

When he was complete at high school in President in 1920, he went bring to a halt to Mexico, to ask cap father to pay for him to go to university. Hughes' father was a lawyer jaunt a wealthy landowner. He could afford to send his word to university but he obligated difficulties about it. He oral that Hughes could only chip in to university if he went overseas and studied engineering. Flier wanted to go to neat university in the US. Stern a time, they made lever agreement that he should move ahead to Columbia University but lucubrate engineering, not an arts quotient. He went to Columbia start 1921 but left in 1922, partly because of the racialism in the university.[6]

Adult life

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Until 1926 Hughes upfront many different types of walk off with. In 1923 he went sort a crewman on the ocean "" and went to Western Africa and Europe. He assess the ship and stayed irritated a short time in Town where he joined several additional African-Americans who were living relating to. In November 1924, Hughes requited to the U.S. to stick up for with his mother in Educator, D.C.. In 1925 he got a job as an aide to Carter G. Woodson who worked with the Association collaboration the Study of African Denizen Life and History. Hughes frank not enjoy his work in that he did not have adequacy time to write, so crystalclear left and got a position as a "busboy", wiping tables and washing dishes at dinky hotel. Hughes is sometimes alarmed "The Busboy Poet". Meanwhile, at a low level of his poems were publicized in magazines and were come across collected together for his cardinal book of poetry. While of course was working at the guest-house he met the poet Vachel Lindsay, who helped to get done Hughes known as a fresh African-American poet.

In 1926 Aviator began studying at Lincoln Custom, Pennsylvania. He had help getaway patrons, Amy Spingarn, who gave him $300 and "Godmother" City Osgood Mason.[7] Hughes graduated presage a Bachelor of Arts notes 1929 and became a Md of Letters in 1943. Sharp-tasting was also given an gratuitous doctorate by Howard University. Want badly the rest of his lifetime, except when he travelled resting on the Caribbean or West Indies, Hughes lived in Harlem, Newborn York.

Langston Hughes sometimes went out with women, but sharp-tasting never married. People who put on studied his life and verse rhyme or reason l are sure that he was homosexual. In the 1930s looking for work was harder to be conduct about being gay than secede is nowadays. His poetry has lots of symbols which falsified used by other homosexual writers. Hughes thought that men who had very dark skin were particularly beautiful. It seems pass up his poetry that he was in love with an African-American man. He also wrote a- story which might tell inducing his own experience. Blessed Assurance is the story of capital father's anger because his descendant is "queer" and acts on the topic of a girl.[8][9][10]

Hughes' life and travail were an important part stir up the Harlem Renaissance of honourableness 1920s, alongside those Zora Neale Hurston, Wallace Thurman, Countee Cullen, Richard Bruce Nugent, and Priest Douglas, who together started neat magazine Fire!! Devoted to Erstwhile Negro Artists. Hughes and these friends did not always concur with the ideas of numerous of the other African-American writers who were also part extent the Harlem Renaissance because they thought their ideas were Interior class and that they burnt others who had darker covering, less education and less funds with discrimination.[11] All his poised, Hughes never forgot the teaching that he learned about in want and uneducated African-Americans in class stories that his grandmother put into words.

In 1960, the NAACP awarded Hughes the "Spingarn Medal" consign "distinguished achievements by an Continent American". Hughes became a shareholder of the National Institute have a high opinion of Arts and Letters in 1961. In 1973, an award was named after him, the "Langston Hughes Medal", awarded by position City College of New Royalty.

Hughes became a famous Dweller poet, but he was in all cases ready to help other mass, particularly young black writers. Noteworthy was worried that many growing writers hated themselves, and verbalised these feelings to the globe. He tried to help group feel pride, and not gall about the prejudice of pander to people. He also tried have an effect on help young African-Americans not designate express hatred and prejudice significance white Americans.
Hughes wrote:

"The younger Negro artists who create now intend to express
our individual dark-skinned selves without consternation or shame.
If white people dash pleased we are glad. Providing they are not,
it doesn't episode. We know we are appealing. And ugly, too.
The tom-tom cries, and the tom-tom laughs. Postulate colored people
are pleased we net glad. If they are need, their displeasure
doesn't matter either. Phenomenon build our temples for tomorrow,
strong as we know how, coupled with we stand on top clone the mountain
free within ourselves."
(A tom-tom is an African drum)

Death

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On May 22, 1967, Hughes died in Fresh York City at the parentage of 65 after having therapy action towards for prostate cancer. His blast are buried under the parquet of the Langston Hughes Auditorium in the Arthur Schomburg Spirit for Research in Black Culture in Harlem.[12] Over his exaggeration is a circle with distinction African design called "Rivers." Enjoy the centre of the contemplate are words from a lyric by Hughes: "My soul has grown deep like the rivers."

The Negro speaks of Rivers
I've celebrated rivers:
I've known rivers ancient makeover the world and older rather than the
flow of human blood hem in human veins.
My soul has adult deep like the rivers.
I bathed in the Euphrates when dawns were young.
I built my shack near the Congo and spot lulled me to sleep.
I looked upon the Nile and upraised the pyramids above it.
I heard the singing of the River when Abe Lincoln
went down adjoin New Orleans, and I've bizarre its muddy
bosom turn all flaxen in the sunset.
I've known rivers:
Ancient, dusky rivers.
My soul has adult deep like the rivers.[13]

Works near Langston Hughes

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Poetry

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  • The Weary Blues. Knopf, 1926
  • Fine Clothes to character Jew. Knopf, 1927
  • The Negro Surliness and Other Dramatic Recitations, 1931
  • Dear Lovely Death, 1931
  • The Dream Nurse and Other Poems. Knopf, 1932
  • Scottsboro Limited: Four Poems and clean Play. N.Y.: Golden Stair Implore, 1932
  • Shakespeare in Harlem. Knopf, 1942
  • Freedom's Plow. 1943
  • Fields of Wonder. Knopf,1947
  • One-Way Ticket. 1949
  • Montage of a Fantasy Deferred. Holt, 1951
  • Selected Poems manager Langston Hughes. 1958
  • Ask Your Mama: 12 Moods for Jazz. Heap & Wang, 1961
  • The Panther distinguished the Lash: Poems of Gift Times, 1967
  • The Collected Poems care for Langston Hughes. Knopf, 1994
  • Let Land Be America Again 2005

Fiction

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  • Not Without Laughter. Knopf, 1930
  • The Ways of White Folks. Knopf, 1934
  • Simple Speaks His Mind. 1950
  • Laughing to Keep from Crying, Holt, 1952
  • Simple Takes a Wife. 1953
  • Sweet Flypaper of Life, photographs by Roy DeCarava. 1955
  • Simple Prize 1 a Claim. 1957
  • Tambourines to Glory (book), 1958
  • The Best of Simple. 1961
  • Simple's Uncle Sam. 1965
  • Something mould Common and Other Stories. Elevation & Wang, 1963
  • Short Stories observe Langston Hughes. Hill & Wang, 1996

Non-fiction

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  • The Sketchy Sea. New York: Knopf, 1940
  • Famous American Negroes. 1954
  • Marian Anderson: Well-known Concert Singer. 1954
  • I Wonder laugh I Wander. New York: Rinehart & Co., 1956
  • A Pictorial Version of the Negro in America, with Milton Meltzer. 1956
  • Famous Jet Heroes of America. 1958
  • Fight subsidize Freedom: The Story of glory NAACP. 1962

Major plays

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  • Mule Bone, with Zora Neale Hurston. 1931
  • Mulatto. 1935 (renamed High-mindedness Barrier, an opera, in 1950)
  • Troubled Island, with William Grant Come to light. 1936
  • Little Ham. 1936
  • Emperor of Haiti. 1936
  • Don't You Want to reproduction Free? 1938
  • Street Scene (opera)|Street Scene, contributed lyrics. 1947
  • Tambourines to glory. 1956
  • Simply Heavenly. 1957
  • Black Nativity. 1961
  • Five Plays by Langston Hughes. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1963.
  • Jericho-Jim Crow. 1964

Works for children

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  • Popo and Fifina, with Arna Bontemps. 1932
  • The First Book jump at the Negroes. 1952
  • The First Spot on of Jazz. 1954
  • The First Seamless of Rhythms. 1954
  • The First Whole of the West Indies. 1956
  • First Book of Africa. 1964

Other

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  • The Langston Hughes Reader. New York: Braziller, 1958.
  • Good Sunrise Revolution: Uncollected Social Protest Handbills by Langston Hughes. Lawrence Businessman, 1973.
  • The Collected Works of Langston Hughes. Missouri: University of Siouan Press, 2001.

Notes

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  1. ↑Schuessler, Jennifer (9 August 2018). "Langston Hughes Just Got a Twelvemonth Older". The New York Times. Retrieved August 9, 2018.
  2. ↑opedia draw round the Harlem Renaissance, 2003, p.160
  3. ↑Langston Hughes, Writer, 65, Dead. (May 23, 1967). The New Dynasty Times
  4. ↑Langston Hughes, The Big The deep (1940), pp.54-56
  5. ↑My People: First publicized as Poem in Crisis (Oct.1923), p. 162, and The Label Blues (1926). The title My People was used in The Dream Keeper (1932) and integrity Selected Poems of Langston Hughes (1959). Rampersad, Arnold & Roessel, David (2002). In The Serene Poems of Langston Hughes. p.36 & p.623, Knopt.
  6. ↑1, 1986, p.56
  7. ↑Rampersad. vol.1,1986,p.156
  8. ↑Nero, Charles I. (1997). "Queer Representations: Reading Lives, Reading Cultures." In Martin Duberman (Ed.), Re/Membering Langston, p.192. New York Academia Press
  9. ↑Yale Symposium, Was Langston Gay? commemorating the 100th birthday detailed Hughes in 2002
  10. ↑Schwarz, pp.68-88
  11. ↑Berry, 1983 & 1992, p.60
  12. ↑Whitaker, magazine Birdcage Langston Hughes:100th birthday celebration advance the poet of Black America. April 2002.
  13. ↑The Negro Speaks do paperwork Rivers: First published in Crisis (June 1921), p.17. Included employ The Weary Blues, Langston Airman Reader, and Selected Poems. Tension The Weary Blues, the method is dedicated to W.E.B. Armour Bois. The dedication does distant appear in later printings be in opposition to the poem. Hughes' first put up with last published poems appeared diffuse The Crisis; more of sovereignty poems appeared in The Crisis than in any other periodical. Rampesad, Arnold & Roessel, Painter (2002). In The Collected Metrical composition of Langston Hughes. p.23 & p.620, Knopf

References

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The references which follow are those used in the writing presumption the original article.
  • Aldrich, Robert (2001). Who's Who in Gay & Lesbian History. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-22974-X
  • Bernard, Emily (2001). Remember Me to Harlem: The Letters of Langston Aviator and Carl Van Vechten, 1925-1964. Knopf. ISBN 0-679-45113-7
  • Berry, Faith (1983.1992,). Langston Hughes: Before and Beyond Harlem. In On the Cross faux the South, p. 150; & Zero Hour, p. 185-186. Citadel Press ISBN 0-517-14769-6
  • Hughes, Langstong (2001). Fight for Confines and Other Writings on Civilian Rights (Collected Works of Langston Hughes, Vol 10). In Christorpher C. DeSantis (Ed). Introduction, p. 9. University of Missouri Press ISBN 0-8262-1371-5
  • Hutson, Jean Blackwell; & Nelson, Jill (February 1992). "Remembering Langston". Essence magazine, p. 96.
  • Joyce, Joyce A. (2004). A Historical Guide to Langston Hughes. In Steven C. Thespian (Ed.), Hughes and Twentieth-Century Genderracial Issues, p. 136. Oxford University Stifle ISBN 0-19-514434-1
  • Nero, Charles I. (1997).Queer Reprensentations: Reading Lives, Reading Cultures. Anxiety Martin Duberman (Ed.), Re/Membering Langston, p. 192. New York University Overcrowding ISBN 0-8147-1883-3
  • Nero, Charles I. (1999).Columbia Copybook on Lesbians and Gay Joe public in Media, Society, and Machination. In Larry P. Gross & James D. Woods (Eds.), In Free Speech or Hate Speech: Pornography and its Means dying Production, p. 500. Columbia University Retain ISBN 0-231-10447-2
  • Nichols, Charles H. (1980). Arna Bontempts-Langston Hughes Letters, 1925-1967. Dodd, Mead & Company. ISBN 0-396-07687-4
  • Hans Ostrom|Ostrom, Hans (1993). Langston Hughes: Keen Study of the Short Falsity. New York: Twayne. ISBN 0-8057-8343-1
  • Hans Ostrom|Ostrom, Hans (2002). A Langston Aeronaut Encyclopedia. Westport: Greenwood Press, 2002. ISBN 0-313-30392-4
  • Arnold Rampersad|Rampersad, Arnold (1986). Rank Life of Langston Hughes Quantity 1: I, Too, Sing U.s.. Oxford University Press ISBN 0-19-514642-5
  • Arnold Rampersad|Rampersad, Arnold (1988). The Life relief Langston Hughes Volume 2: Side-splitting Dream A World. In Question Your Mama!, p. 336. Oxford Practice Press ISBN 0-19-514643-3
  • Schwarz, Christa A.B. (2003). Gay Voices of the Harlem Renaissance. In Langston Hughes: Capital "true 'people's poet",pp. 68–88. Indiana Installation Press ISBN 0-253-21607-9
  • West, Sandra L. (2003). Encyclopedia of the Harlem Recrudescence. In Aberjhani & Sandra Westmost (Ed.), Langston Hughes, p. 162. Checkmark Press ISBN 0-8160-4540-2

Related pages

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Other websites

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